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Thyroid Disorders

Thyroid Disorders

Thyroid disorders encompass a range of conditions affecting the thyroid gland, a small butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck. This gland plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, growth, and energy levels by producing hormones.

  • Hypothyroidism: Occurs when the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormones. Symptoms may include fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and dry skin.

  • Hyperthyroidism: Characterized by an overproduction of thyroid hormones. Symptoms may include weight loss, rapid heartbeat, irritability, and heat intolerance.

  • Thyroid Nodules: Abnormal growths or lumps within the thyroid gland. While most nodules are benign, some can be cancerous or affect hormone production.
  • Thyroiditis: Inflammation of the thyroid gland, which can lead to temporary or permanent thyroid dysfunction.

Causes and Risk Factors

  • Autoimmune Conditions: Such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (hypothyroidism) and Graves’ disease (hyperthyroidism).
  • Iodine Deficiency: Essential for thyroid hormone production.
  • Genetics: Family history of thyroid disorders.
  • Radiation Exposure: Especially during childhood.