Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass and density, leading to an increased risk of fractures. Bones become fragile and porous, making them more susceptible to fractures, even from minor falls or bumps.
Age: Bone mass peaks around age 30 and gradually decreases thereafter.
Gender: Women are at higher risk, especially after menopause due to lower estrogen levels.
Hormonal Changes: Low testosterone levels in men and estrogen deficiency in women.
Family History: Having a parent or sibling with osteoporosis increases the risk.
Lifestyle Factors: Lack of physical activity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and a diet low in calcium and vitamin D.
Back Pain: Due to vertebral fractures or collapsed vertebrae.
Loss of Height: Over time, as bones in the spine weaken and compress.
Bone Fractures: Especially in the hip, spine, and wrist, often resulting from minor trauma.
